The Guardian of electric tow tractors: Functions and Importance of Battery Management System (BMS)

1. Basic Functions and Importance of BMS
BMS, full name Battery Management System, is a key system responsible for monitoring, managing and maintaining battery packs in electric tow tractors. Its core function is to collect key information such as voltage, current, temperature, etc. of the battery pack in real time. By analyzing and processing this information, BMS can accurately assess the status of the battery and prevent potential problems such as overcharging, over-discharging, over-current and over-temperature. This series of functions not only ensures the safe operation of the battery, but also greatly extends the service life of the battery, thereby improving the overall performance and reliability of the electric tractor.

Overcharge protection is one of the important functions of BMS. During the charging process, BMS monitors the voltage of the battery pack in real time. Once the voltage reaches the preset safety upper limit, BMS will quickly cut off the charging power supply to prevent the battery from being damaged by overcharging. Similarly, over-discharge protection is also an indispensable function of BMS. During the discharge process, BMS monitors the voltage of the battery pack. When the voltage drops to the preset safety lower limit, it will immediately cut off the discharge circuit to prevent the battery from being damaged by over-discharging. These protection measures effectively avoid irreversible damage to the battery caused by extreme charging and discharging conditions and extend the battery life.

In addition to overcharge and over-discharge protection, BMS also has overcurrent and overtemperature protection functions. Overcurrent protection can prevent the battery pack from operating under abnormally high current conditions and avoid damage to the internal structure of the battery. Overtemperature protection monitors the temperature of the battery pack to ensure that the battery operates within a suitable temperature range to prevent battery performance degradation or even safety accidents caused by high temperature.

2. Application of BMS in electric tow tractors
In electric tow tractors, the application of BMS is not limited to battery status monitoring and protection. It also optimizes the energy utilization efficiency of the battery and improves the endurance of the electric tractor by accurately managing the battery charging and discharging process. At the same time, BMS can also provide real-time status information of the battery pack, provide decision support for drivers and maintenance personnel, help them understand the health of the battery in a timely manner, and formulate reasonable maintenance and maintenance plans.

In addition, BMS plays an important role in the intelligence of electric tow tractors. Through integration with other vehicle systems, BMS can achieve more accurate battery status prediction and fault diagnosis. For example, it can predict the remaining life and potential failure points of the battery based on the historical data and current status of the battery, provide early warning information to maintenance personnel, and reduce vehicle downtime caused by battery failure.

3. The impact of BMS on the electric tractor industry
With the rapid development of the electric tractor industry, the importance of BMS has become increasingly prominent. It not only improves the battery health and safety level of electric tow tractors, but also promotes the intelligent and sustainable development of the entire industry. By continuously optimizing the performance and functions of BMS, electric tractor manufacturers can provide users with safer, more efficient and reliable transportation solutions to meet the growing logistics needs.